The purpose of this study was to better understand potential travelers' purchasing habits on online travel platforms. This study attempted to investigate nonlinear purchasing behavior by examining the effect of the discount rate on prefactual thinking and choice deferral. To achieve the study's goal, scenarios describing real-world purchase situations were created, and an online research firm conducted a survey to collect 225 valid data for analysis. According to the findings, the discount rate increased product acceptance, but the excessive discount rate decreased purchasing behavior, resulting in a nonlinear inverted U-shape. Furthermore, this study found that when the optimal discount rate was 28.45 percent, product acceptance was maximized. Furthermore, when the optimal discount rate was exceeded, prefactual thinking increased, while choice deferral increased when prefactual thinking was high. Finally, this study examined the role of prefactual thinking as a mediator in the relationship between discount rate and choice deferral. These findings imply that when offered at the optimal discount rate, online travel products are effective. Furthermore, this study is significant in that prefactual thinking is an important mediating variable when examining potential consumers' purchasing psychology on online travel platforms. Based on these findings, this study provided theoretical and practical implications for effective pricing policies and strategies in an online travel setting.

The goal of this study is to look at how foreign visitors' cultural experiences through temple stays affect their satisfaction, as well as how intercultural sensitivity modifies the causal relationship between them. To that end, a survey was conducted with 235 foreign participants who had visited 8 temples. The findings indicate that the two cultural experience factors(program and environment) have a positive (+) effect on experience satisfaction. Cognitive sensitivity, a sub-factor of intercultural sensitivity, was also discovered to positively moderate the relationship between the program and satisfaction while negatively moderating the relationship between the environment and satisfaction. Another sub-factor of intercultural sensitivity, behavioral sensitivity, moderated the relationship between the program and satisfaction negatively. This suggests that cultural sensitivity is important in understanding foreign visitors' temple stay experiences. This study has implications in that it tried to understand the experience of foreign participants in temple stay by introducing the concept of bicultural sensitivity that was not well covered in tourism. In addition, tourism, which provides an experience that is essentially different from the activity-oriented leisure tourism experience that pursues the existing hedonic value, provided an important basis for understanding the complex role of cultural sensitivity of foreign experiencers beyond the existing simple causal view.

Tourists are increasingly interested in modern cultural heritage sites because they have historical significance and engage living spaces from everyday life. People nowadays seek an authentic life to liberate themselves from negative emotions. Tourists recover from them and live with vitality in everyday life after participating in a tourism experience. Tourists who visit heritage sites are affected by authenticity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of perceived authenticity, experience, and existential authenticity on modern cultural heritage sites in order to better understand this phenomenon. Perceived authenticity was defined specifically as perceived judgment based on objective authenticity. Furthermore, the researcher established the hierarchy for them in the context of the experience perceived by on-site visitors. The research site was Gunsan's cultural heritage sites, and a questionnaire survey was used. The total number of questionnaires collected was 330, and 289 were analyzed. Regression analysis confirmed the effect of variable relationships and the partial mediating effect of experience. This study employed empirical analysis to assess perceived authenticity. It academically constructs and expands on previously limited concepts. Based on the findings, this study provides practical recommendations for improving existential authenticity and experiential tourism content. Finally, the qualitative growth of heritage tourism and change can provide meaningful implications.

Because the tourism industry accounts for approximately 10% of total carbon emissions and carbon is also emitted by tourists, it is critical to understand the intention of eco-friendly tourism behavior in order to solve the fundamental problem. As a result, the purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of carbon-emitting media reporting on eco-friendly tourism behavioral intentions. The survey was conducted online from June 5 to June 8, 2021, on 254 potential tourists who are willing to travel within the next year after receiving carbon-emitting media reports. Carbon-emitting media reports had a significant effect on social, environmental, physical, and economic risk perception, and social, environmental, and physical risk perception had a significant positive (+) effect on attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control, according to the study. This can be interpreted to mean that respondents were aware of the social, environmental, and physical risks posed by carbon emissions, but did not recognize them to the extent that they were economically vulnerable. Furthermore, the study discovered that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control all had a significant impact on eco-friendly tourism behavioral intention.

Due to the prolonged COVID-19, most tourism and leisure industries are in unprecedented crisis; however, nature-based tourism has proliferated unexpectedly. The first purpose of this study is to identify the structural relationship of health beliefs on nature-based tourism, and then test the developed model by establishing an integrated model of the extended health belief model and the theory of planned behavior for Americans during the pandemic in two time periods in 2020 and 2021. Second, it is to confirm the changes in perception of health beliefs between the two time periods. Data for American adults were collected via an online survey in July 2020 and March 2021, and a total of 576 valid samples were analyzed. The results showed that the integrated model's explanatory power was high, confirming its validity, and structural equation modeling revealed that the path of perception of health beliefs was derived to be somewhat different from the hypotheses. Furthermore, the average of each component of the health belief model was higher in 2021 than in 2020, and the majority of them were statistically significant. It was also discovered to be partially significant in changing attitudes of Americans toward nature-based tourism over time. The study's findings have both academic and practical implications for tourism marketers and leisure policymakers in determining when, how, and what restrictions should be addressed.

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about how people can enjoy leisure in their daily lives. Cycling is recognized as a suitable leisure activity because it is relatively virus-free. Shared bicycles, which are located throughout the city, play an important role in ensuring citizens' right to leisure and allowing them to easily enjoy leisure activities within the confines of their daily lives. However, there have been very few studies that look at the role of shared bicycles in terms of leisure. There are few studies about using shared bicycles to improve the quality of leisure experiences. As a result, using social network analysis, this study confirmed the usage pattern of the shared bicycle used for leisure purposes and verified the statistical influence of the locational property of the stops on each centrality. As a result, we discovered that more than 70% of the top 150 stops in centrality were near the Han River and streams, and the closer the distance to the Han River and streams, the higher the centrality value. This result is statistical proof that shared bicycles are used as a primary mode of leisure activities other than transportation. Based on the findings, we propose that shared bicycles can play a positive role in improving citizens' leisure and quality of life, and we emphasize the importance of developing and managing leisure courses using stops along the Han River and streams.